作业帮现在分词的用和动名词的用法和区别越多越好
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现在分词的用和动名词的用法和区别越多越好
现在分词的用和动名词的用法和区别
越多越好
现在分词的用和动名词的用法和区别越多越好
动名词与现在分词都是针对动词而言,其中动名词具有名词的特性,可充当主语、宾语、表语和定语,现在分词可充当宾补,表语,定语和状语.
（1）动名词作宾语（特殊）
①下列动词后只能接动名词：suggest, finish, avoid, stop, can’t help, mind, enjoy, require, practise, miss, escape, pardon, advise, consider, imagine, keep, appreciate, escape, permit.
②下列动词短语接动名词：leave off, put off, give up, look forward to, feel like, have trouble / difficulty(in) doing sth. devote to, get used to, pay attention to, be fond of, be worth.
③介词后要接动名词.what about、how about、without、be fond of、be good at等介词后接动名词.注意on / upon doing sth. = as soon as 引导的从中.作此意讲时on / upon后也可以接名词.如on his arrival….
（2）现在分词在句中作时间、原因、伴随、条件、结果等状语.
①时间状语（分词作状语前面可加when, while等）
Hearing the good news, he jumped with great joy.
Not having finished her work in time, the boss fired her.
②原因状语
Seeing nobody at home, he decided to leave them a note
③伴随状语
The girls came in, following their parents.
④结果状语
The poor old man died, leaving nothing to his children.
注意：现在分词作状语的几个特性.①时间性.与谓语动词同时发生,用一般时,如发生在谓语动作之前时则用完成式having done.②语态性.与句子的主语之间的关系,是主谓关系或动宾关系.遵循的规则“主动进行,被动完成”.③人称一致性.分词的逻辑主语就是句子的主语.
（3）现在分词作表语,S. + be + 动词-ing表示主动,主语是物
（4）现在分词作宾补,S．+ + 宾语 + 现在分词→正在做某事