英语中同位语是什么?请举例说说

英语中同位语是什么?请举例说说
英语中同位语是什么?请举例说说

英语中同位语是什么?请举例说说
同位语从句是指在复合句中跟在名词后面,充当名词的同位语的从句,它是对前面的名词起到解释和说明的作用.同位语从句常位于news,idea,fact,thought,problem,answer,belief,possibility,plan,suggestion,promise,teport,question,truth,proof,order,hope,information...等的名词后面.
同位语部分是个句子,就是同位语从句,这种用法比较"固定",把关键的几个词背下来.
下面这个材料供参考.
一、在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句.它一般跟在某些名词后面,用以说明该名词表示的具体内容.如：
I heard the news that our team had won．我听到了我们队获胜的消息.
I had no idea that you were here．我不知道你在这里.
二、可以跟同位语从句的名词通常有new,idea,fact,promise,question,doubt,thought,hope,message,suggestion,word（消息）,possibility等.如：
I’ve come from Mr wang with a message that he won’t be able to see you this afternoon． 我从王先生那里来,他让我告诉你他今天下午不能来看你了.
三、英语中引导同位语从句的词通有连词 that,whether,连接副词 how,when,where等.（注：if,which 不能引导同位语从句.）如：
l have no idea When he will be back．我不知道他什么时候回来.
He must answer the question whether he agrees to if or not.
他必须回答他是否同意这样一个问题.
四、有时同位语从句可以不紧跟在说明的名词后面,而被别的词隔开.如：
Several years later,word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspect them．
几年以后,有消息传来说拿破仑要亲自视 察他们.
The thought came to him that maybe the enemy had fled the city．
他突然想起可能敌人已经逃出城了.
五、同位语从句与定语从句的区别.
1、同位语从句与前面的名词是同位关系,即说明它前面名词的内容；而定语从句与前面的名词是修饰与被修饰关系,即限定它前面的名词范围,或补充一些情况.如：
The news that l hove passed the exam is true．我通过了考试这一消息是真的.
（同位语从句,即从句所表达的意思就是前面名词的内容.）
The news that he told me just now is true．他刚才告诉我的消息是真的.
（定语从句,从句对前面名词起修饰限制作用,即“他告诉我的”那个消息,而不是别的消息.）
2、引导同位语从句的that是连词,在从句中不充当任何成份,而引导定语从句的that是关系代词,除起连接作用外,还在从句中充当主语、宾语或表语等.如：
The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.
计算机能够识别人的声音的想法使许多人感到惊奇.（that在从句中不充当任何成份.）
The idea that he gave surprises many people．他提出的观点令许多人感到吃惊.
（that在从句中作gave的宾语.）

浅析英语同位语

作者：佚名 文章来源：本站原创 点击数：300 更新时间：2006-4-28


英语里同位语也是一种名词修饰语，单词、短语和从句都可用作同位语，最简单而又常见的同位语是位于所修饰的先行词之后，用来说明身份、职务、称号等的名词或名词短语。下面就从同位语的引导方式、同位语的构成来谈谈英语同位语。
一、同位...

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浅析英语同位语

作者：佚名 文章来源：本站原创 点击数：300 更新时间：2006-4-28


英语里同位语也是一种名词修饰语，单词、短语和从句都可用作同位语，最简单而又常见的同位语是位于所修饰的先行词之后，用来说明身份、职务、称号等的名词或名词短语。下面就从同位语的引导方式、同位语的构成来谈谈英语同位语。
一、同位语的引导方式
1．通常用逗号将同位语与其所修饰的先行词隔开，表示一种普通的同位关系。如：
A．This is Mr．Black，director of our hospital．
B．She is a good teacher，the friend of yours．
2．有时也可用破折号或冒号引导同位语，用破折号，停顿较长，对同位语起强调的作用；用冒号，停顿最长，强调的作用更大。
A．The orphan's daily necessities—clothes，food， etc．—are supplied by a kind-hearted teacher．
B．In a sense nouns can be divided into two kinds：the countable noun and the uncountable noun．
3．有时同位语之前带有引导词，表示同位成分之间的特殊意义。常见的同位语引导词有as，or，chiefly， especially，for example，for instance，in short，mainly，mostly，namely，that is，in particular，in other words，including， that is to say，such as，say，particularly，what，which，who，when，where， why，how，that，whether等。例如：
A．There remains only one problem，namely who they should send to head the research there．
B．Did he give you a pound，or a hundred pence？
C．A lot of people here，for example，John，would rather have coffee．
D．I have no idea what has happened to him．
4．另外，无需借用任何引导词或标点符号，而将同位语直接置于先行词之后。
A．I have the honor to introduce John's sister Jane to you．
B．Tom gave his friend John a book．
二、同位语的构成
1．名词及其短语（有时有逗号隔开）
A．George Bush，the present American president，was the governor of the state of Texas．
B．I want very much to read these new novels，especially the one you mentioned．
2．动名词短语（有逗号隔开）
A．He enjoys the exercise，swimming in winter．
B．Asking him to join us，that's a good idea．
3．不定式短语（有时有逗号隔开）
A．There is one thing he'll never do—tell lies．
B．The question what to do next hasn't been considered．
4．形容词及其短语（有逗号隔开）
A．He，short and thin，is unfit for the job．
B．All the countries，big or small，are equal．
5．介词短语（有时有逗号隔开）
As the head of the company，he had to explain what had happened．＝He，the head of the company，had to ex- plain what had happened．
6．名词性从句（其前面的先行词一般都带有定冠词the）。这样的先行词有fact，news，truth，knowledge， idea，hope，question，problem，assumption等。例如：
A．You have yet to answer my question whether you can lend me your bike．
B．They had to face the fact that the nearest filling station is 30kilometers away．

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I have the ability to do this job.句中 to do this job作ability同位语还是定语？谁能回答，谢谢！！！

简单的说，同位语就是“相同位子的”的意思。
同位语从句当然就是“相同位子的从句”拉。
EG：i got the news that he is coming soon.
里面的that he is coming soon就是和前面的the news 是同位语了。
其中that he is coming soon叫“同位语从句”；the news 叫“先行词”

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简单的说，同位语就是“相同位子的”的意思。
同位语从句当然就是“相同位子的从句”拉。
EG：i got the news that he is coming soon.
里面的that he is coming soon就是和前面的the news 是同位语了。
其中that he is coming soon叫“同位语从句”；the news 叫“先行词”
差不多就这了，基础的~

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